Kathleen Hanson, Sophomore
After the Covid pandemic, the debate on whether or not standardized test scores are important in college admissions has continued. While many schools stopped their requirements for SAT and ACT scores, some have retained them. This leads to the discussion of the role of standardized testing in college admissions. The question is: Should standardized test scores be required in college admissions? The evidence says, yes, test scores should be required.
Firstly, standardized test scores accurately predict academic success in college. Research shows that high standardized test scores and college GPAs have a strong correlation. Their research found that students with top scores on standardized tests had a first-year college GPA that was 0.43 points higher than students who had low scores. Additionally, a study of Ivy-Plus colleges showed that scores had a strong correlation with post-college outcomes. For example, earnings, being hired at top firms, and getting accepted into a prestigious graduate school are correlated with high test scores. These studies show the accuracy of standardized test scores in identifying students who are likely to excel in college and beyond.
Secondly, eliminating standardized test scores in college admissions may worsen biases in the admissions process. Some may argue that standardized tests are biased against low-income and minority students; however, studies have shown that the inclusion of standardized test scores doesn’t widen the gap in college acceptance between students from different backgrounds. Standardized tests can also help to find students from minority groups who may have overcome obstacles to achieve high scores. This promotes diversity and equity in college admissions. Research shows that in every racial group, students with higher scores perform better in college, no matter their socioeconomic status.
Thirdly, standardized test scores can provide a valuable benchmark for comparing students from different high schools. Since high school grading scales and standards can vary, admissions officers can have a hard time assessing if an applicant is prepared academically. Standardized test scores offer a standard metric that allows colleges to evaluate students in the same way, no matter their educational background. In addition, standardized test scores can help find students who excelled academically despite attending underfunded schools. By considering standardized test scores, colleges can make more informed decisions that are also more equitable.
Many against standardized testing say that these tests are unfair and favor students from high-income families who can afford expensive test prep. However, eliminating standardized tests may hurt students from less advantaged backgrounds who lack access to other resources, such as extracurricular activities and essay help. In one study, it was found that colleges using test-optional policies relied more on factors that were more biased toward wealthier students, such as letters of recommendation and expensive extracurricular activities.
Test scores provide valuable information about a student’s potential for academic success, and they help to lessen biases in the admissions process. As colleges change admissions policies, adding the requirement for test scores could build a fair process that recognizes the most qualified and diverse students possible. By acknowledging the importance of standardized testing, colleges can continue their commitment to excellence and equity.